ABSTRACT
Objective@#To screen differentially expressed miRNAs in the testis of male rats exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) and identify the early molecular markers of CS-induced apoptosis of testicular cells.@*METHODS@#We randomly divided 200 SPF male SD rats into blank control and low-dose (10 non-filter cigarettes/d), medium-dose (20 non-filter cigarettes/d) and high-dose (30 non-filter cigarettes/d) CS exposure groups. After 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks of CS exposure, we observed the histopathological changes of the testis by HE staining, detected the apoptosis of the testicular cells by TUNEL, and determined the expressions of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in the testis tissue by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and Western blot. Based on the laboratory results, we selected 4 testicular samples from the 12-week high-dose group and another 4 from the control for miRNA microarray-based screening, bioinformatics analysis, and verification of differentially expressed miRNAs in all the animals by RT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the controls, the CS-exposed rats showed dose- and time-dependent increase in the atrophy of the testis and significantly increased number of apoptotic testis cells from the 6th week of exposure (P < 0.05), with dramatically up-regulated expressions of caspase-3 (P < 0.01) and caspase-9 protein and mRNA (P < 0.05) in the testis tissue. Microarray-based screening and RT-PCR revealed 5 differentially expressed miRNAs in the testis of the CS-exposed rats, of which miR-138-5p, miR-181d-5p, miR-19a-3p and miR-3588 were down-regulated, and miR-155-5p up-regulated, and the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs positively regulated the apoptosis of the testicular cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The differentially expressed miRNAs miR-155-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-181d-5p, miR-19a-3p and miR-3588 regulate CS-induced apoptosis of testicular cells, and may become biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CS-induced spermatogenesis obstruction.《.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , MicroRNAs/genetics , RNA, Messenger , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Smoking , TestisABSTRACT
La lactancia materna es considerada el mejor alimento para el niño, aunque su relación con el desarrollo atopia en lactantes con sibilancias es controvertido.Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la lactancia materna, la exposición al humo de tabaco y la condición atópica en niños que presentan sibilancias persistentes en edad preescolar. Material y Métodos: Diseño retrospectivo, observacional, transversal Se incluiyeron 243 niños de entre 3 y 6 años con sibilancias persistentes estudiados en la División de Alergia e Inmunología del Hospital de Niños (2007-2011)...
Breastfeeding is considered the best food for the child, but its relationship to the development of atopy in infants with wheezing is controversial. Aim: to analyze the relationship between brestfeeding, cigarette smoke exposure and atopic status in preschool children with persistent wheezing. Material and Methods: Retrospective, observational, transversal design of 243 children aged 3 to 6 years with persistent wheezing studied in the Allergy and Immunology Division of Children's Hospital (2007-2011)...
Subject(s)
Child , Infant , Breast Feeding , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Infant , Respiratory Sounds , Retrospective Studies , Tobacco Smoke PollutionABSTRACT
Objective To compare the efficacies of exposure to cigarette smoke alone and in combination with intra-tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide in establishing rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A total of 24 8-week-old healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 model groups and a control group (Group C). The rat COPD models were established by two ways; intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) twice + exposure to cigarette smoke for 1 month (Group A), and cigarette smoke inhalation for 80 days only (Group B). The pathologic characteristics of animal models, including the mean lining interval (MLI) and the mean alveoli number(MAN), were determined. The total and different white blood cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and blood samples were determined. Results The rats in the two model groups presented with cough or breathlessness periodically, and the white blood cell counts and neutrophil counts in the peripheral blood and BALF were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). H-E staining showed that the lung tissues of rats in Group A and B had typical pathological features of COPD and emphysema. MLI were significantly higher and MAN were significantly lower in Group A and B than those in group C (both P<0.01), but there was no statistical difference between the two model groups. Group A had more severe inflammatory response in the bronchial and lung tissues than Group B. And Group B was characterized by alveolar overdistension. Conclusion Both the two methods can successfully establish rat COPD model, with its pathophysiological changes similar to those of human COPD, with intra-tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide being more consistent to the natural development of disease.